International Women’s Day - 8 March
International Women's Day - March 8 has historically emerged as a day of solidarity for women in many countries to fight for equal rights in several countries.
A bit of history
The first attempt to address the issue of women in Russia was the work "Woman-worker" by Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya, published in 1901. It introduced the requirement of equal legal and political rights for men and women, as well as the prohibition of female labor in sectors that are harmful to the body of women, and the requirement of maternity protection.
The initiative for a day of solidarity with women came from a famous figure of the communist movement, the German Klara Cetkin at the Eighth Congress of the Second International (1910). On the day of solidarity, women were invited to organize rallies and processions, to involve the public in their problems.
The first Women's Solidarity Day was held in 1914 on Sunday, March 8, in eight countries simultaneously: Germany, Russia, the Netherlands, the USA, the United Kingdom, Austria, Denmark, and Switzerland.
February 1917 was an important milestone in the history of the holiday. On February 23 (8 March) in St. Petersburg demonstrations, the beginning of the February Revolution. The strike of over 128,000 workers. Columns of demonstrators, men and women, demand women's equality and bread. On 27 February, the emperor signed a decree granting women the right to vote, but this did not stop the revolution and the abdication of Nicholas II (2 March (15 March) 1917).
One of the first decrees of the Soviet power in 1917, along with the decrees on peace and land, was the decree on civil marriage. In tsarist Russia, a married woman had no passport and her social status was determined by the social status of her husband. But already in the first Soviet Constitution of 1918 was proclaimed equality of women and men.
An eight-hour day was introduced. After October 1917, 100% pay was paid to a woman if she went on maternity leave. (Now only 60%). 1918. Civil war is underway, but already then in Soviet Russia the first kindergartens and children's dairy kitchens are appearing.
In 1921, the 2nd Communist Women's Conference decided to commemorate the events of 23 February 1917 as International Women's Day on 8 March. The results of women's equal status have been evident in our country.
The first woman - a tractor driver - Praskovya (Pasha) Nikitichna Angelina 1929, the first woman - Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Alexander Kolontai, the first women - military pilots - 101st aviation regiment, which was commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union Valentin Grizodubov, the first woman is an astronaut - Valentina Tereshkova. Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya created the world's most effective education system in our country. The enormous, heroic contribution made by women to the Victory in the Great Patriotic War both on the front and behind the lines.
In our company, together with men, women work selflessly on security systems as designers, accountants, human resources workers and secretaries.
Since 1966, in accordance with the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, International Women's Day became a non-working day.
Since 8 March 1975, International Women's Day has been observed at the UN.
Celebration in other countries
International Women's Day on 8 March is also a holiday and weekend in 25 countries: Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan (Mother's Day), Moldova, as well as:
Cuba, Angola, Cambodia, Congo, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Madagascar, Mongolia, Uganda, North Korea, Viet Nam, Zambia.
March 8, although remained the International Women's Day, it was no longer a holiday in Latvia. In Estonia, Lithuania is not a state holiday, but it is celebrated by many citizens of the republics.
Throughout Germany, 8 March was and remains a working day, and only since 2019 has it been declared a holiday in Berlin. Now, happy with the new holiday, Berlina has an unnecessary reason to have a cup of another good beer in the company of friends and talk about their own, about women.
In the USA, Great Britain there is no official holiday on this day. March 8 is not declared a holiday, and gifts to women are also not accepted.